Questions about applying
the report information?
Visit the new page.
One current barrier to ADR genotype testing is that most doctors don't understand how much impact pharmacogenetics can have in routine practice.
Be one of the first healthcare practitioners to enter the era of personalized medicine. Genelex now makes it possible for you to apply long standing drug metabolism and cytochrome P450 research and the latest in pharmacogenetic developments directly to your patient care decisions. This information could help you determine the appropriateness and dosage of roughly half of the most commonly prescribed drugs such as warfarin, beta blockers, Type I antiarrhythmics, and multiple classes of antidepressants. This information will be especially valuable when the potential drug interactions are a consideration.
Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are the fourth leading cause of death and the single largest source of malpractice payouts in the U.S. Three of every four ADRs are dose-dependent, with many occurring at standard manufacturer-recommended doses. When you learn the DNA drug reaction profile of your patients, particularly the older ones on multiple drugs, many of the dosing and efficacy problems you have experienced can be solved. Incorporating pharmacogenetic testing into clinical practice has the potential to dramatically decrease the incidence of ADRs.
Genelex offers physicians an alternative to the "one size fits all" and "trial and error" prescribing of drugs that has been necessary until now. Genetic testing for drug metabolizing enzyme (DME) variants is widely applied in clinical trials and will inevitably become the norm in clinical practice. Look for real growth in DME variant testing in 2001 and beyond because of these factors:
Drug Metabolizing Enzymes
The impact of genetic variants in the cytochrome
P450 family of isoenzymes on drug metabolism has been well known since the 1950s.
This knowledge has proven useful in the prediction of drug interactions, in
a general sense, and has demonstrated that of all the clinical factors that
alter a patient's response to drugs, these are the most important. Straightforward
genetic tests that reliably identify and classify CYP2D6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and
N-acetyltransferase2 (NAT2) into their slow, normal, and ultra-fast metabolizing
forms are currently available or will be soon. Now you can add another dimension
to improve the safety and efficacy when prescribing for your patients by ordering
Genelex DNA Prescription Drug Reaction Profiles.
Currently Available Tests
CYP2D6
(cytochrome P450 2D6) is the best studied of the DMEs and acts on one-fourth
of all prescription drugs, including the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
(SSRI), tricylic antidepressants (TCA), betablockers such as Inderal and the
Type 1A antiarrhythmics. Approximately 10% of the population has a slow acting
form of this enzyme and 7% a super-fast acting form. Thirty-five percent are
carriers of a non-functional 2D6 allele, especially elevating the risk of ADRs
when these individuals are taking multiple drugs. Drugs that CYP2D6 metabolizes
include Prozac, Zoloft, Paxil, Effexor, hydrocodone , amitriptyline, Claritin,
cyclobenzaprine, Haldol, metoprolol, Rythmol, Tagamet, tamoxifen, and the over-the-counter
diphenylhydramine drugs, Allegra, Dytuss, and Tusstat.
CYP2D6 is responsible for activating the pro-drug codeine into its active form
and the drug is therefore inactive in CYP2D6 slow metabolizers.
CYP2C9 (cytochrome P450 2C9) is the primary route of metabolism for Coumadin (warfarin). Approximately 10% of the population are carriers of at least one allele for the slow-metabolizing form of CYP2C9 and may be treatable with 50% of the dose at which normal metabolizers are treated. Other drugs metabolized by CYP2C9 include Amaryl, isoniazid, sulfa, ibuprofen, amitriptyline, Dilantin, Hyzaar, THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), naproxen, and Viagra.
CYP2C19 (cytochrome P450 2C19) is associated with the metabolism of carisoprodol, diazepam, Dilantin, Premarin, and Prevacid.
Other tests we are planning to provide include:
NAT2 (N-acetyltransferase 2) is a second-step DME that acts on isoniazid, procainamide, and Azulfidine. The frequency of the NAT2 "slow acetylator" in various worldwide populations ranges from 10% to more than 90%.
Genotyping to avoid ADRs is a dependable tool to improve your practice today and begins your transition to the practice of tomorrow.
Check Common Drugs Processed by Enzymes We Test
Order DNA Prescription Drug Reaction Testing
It is now recognized that inherited differences in the metabolism and disposition of drugs, and genetic polymorphisms in the targets of drug therapy, can have an even greater influence on the efficacy and toxicity of medications than clinical variables.
—
 Disclaimer
The content of this web site is for public use, free of charge, and for information only. It is not intended to be used in any other way. The authors disclaim any liability, loss, injury, or damage incurred as a consequence, directly or indirectly, of the use and application of any of the content of this web site.
The information presented on this site is intended
as general health information and as an educational tool. It is not intended
as medical advice. Only a physician, pharmacist, or other healthcare professional
should advise a patient on medical issues and should do so using a medical
history and other factors identified and documented as part of the health
professional/patient relationship. |
| Home | Drug Reaction Testing | Nutritional Genetics Ancestry DNA Testing | Predictive Genetics | How to Order Other Resources | DNA Newsroom | Privacy & Ethics About Genelex | Careers | Contact Us | DNA Newsroom |
|
Founded in 1987, Genelex Corporation has been accredited by the AABB Parentage Testing Committee in DNA parentage testing since 1992, is Washington State Medical Test Site No. MTS-3919 CLIA No. 50D0980559, and has contributed to the validation of National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Standard Reference Materials. 3000 First Ave. Ste. One Seattle, WA 98121 Site Created by Narayan
design |
